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Rajdeep Singh Rawat
 
Current Appointment Associate Professor
 
Office NIE7-03-99
 
Telephone (65) 6790 3930 (Plasma Lab)
(65) 6790 3932 (Laser Lab)
(65) 6790 3908 (Office)
Fax (65) 6896 9414
 
Email rajdeep.rawat@nie.edu.sg
 
Academic Background BSc(Hons)Physics, HansRaj College, University of Delhi, Delhi, India

MSc Physics, Dept. of Physics and Astrohysics, University of Delhi, Delhi, India

PhD, Dept. of Physics and Astrohysics, University of Delhi, Delhi, India
 
Professional Organisations Hon. Secretary, AAAPT, Triest

Life Member of Plasma Science Society of India

Council Member, Institute of Physics, Singapore
 
 
       
  Profile

Born on 05-09-1965 in Delhi, India, Rajdeep Singh Rawat, did his B.Sc.(Hons) Physics, M.Sc. Physics and Ph.D. from University of Delhi, Delhi in 1985, 1987 and 1994. He has lectured at Department of Physics and Electronics, SGTB Khalsa College, University of Delhi, from 1992 to 2000 where he was a Senior Lecturer. He was instrumental in setting up plasma focus laboratory at University of Delhi with due support from ICTP-UNU pulse plasma program of Asian African Association for Plasma Technology. He was the member of the team that pioneered the technique of material processing and thin film deposition using single shot plasma focus device at University of Delhi, India. Twice, he was a Research Fellow with School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore initially from Oct 1998 to Dec 1998 and later from July 1999 to Aug 2000. Joined NIE/NTU in Dec 2000 as Assistant Professor and then later became Associate Professor in Oct 2005. His research work includes material processing and thin film deposition using focus device and basic studies on Dense Plasma Focus device using laser shadowgraphy, diode x-ray spectrometer, and Faraday cup. His current research interests include deposition of magnetic nanophase thin films and magnetic nanoparticles using focus device and pulsed high power lasers, diluted magnetic semiconductor thin films of transition metal doped ZnO, development of low energy miniature plasma focus device for as a repetitive neutron source and EUV source, and development of 20 kJ medium energy plasma focus device at NIE for investigation on effect of high flux neutrons on materials.
  

 
  Awards a. Awards at NIE/NTU
1. Excellence in Teaching Commendation 2007, NIE
2. Outstanding Mentor Award, Nanyang Research Programme, NTU 2006
3. Excellence in Teaching Commendation 2005, NIE
4. Outstanding Mentor Award, Science Mentorship Programme, GEP/MOE, 2005
5. Friends of Anderson Award, by Anderson Secondary School, Singapore, 2004.
6. Outstanding Mentor Award, Nanyang Research Programme, NTU 2005
7. Nominated as Enterprising Staff of NSSE by Head/NSSE/NIE 2005
8. Outstanding Mentor Award, Nanyang Research Programme, NTU 2006
9. Nominated for Award for Excellence in Teaching 2007, NIE

b. Award Won by Students Mentored
1. Second Position: Young Person Lecture Competition (Singapore Finals) 2005: Mr Happy (Mr Happy MSE/NTU did his FYP with us on Magnetic Nanoparticles and presented his FYP results for this competition).
2. GOLD Award 2004 for Top Student: Mr Happy, MSE/NTU (Did his FYP with us)
3. GOLD Award: TERP 2001: Ms Cai Li (RJC) and Ms Shi Yujuan (NJC)
4. GOLD Award: TERP 2002: Ms Lin Xinyi (HCJC) and Mr Karl Chandra (ACJC)
5. GOLD Award: TERP 2003: Mr Samuel Joseph (ACJC) and Ms Clarissa Lin (RJC)
6. GOLD Award: TERP 2004: Mr Foo Wui Ngiap (AJC)
7. GOLD Award: NRP 2005: Ms Yeong Kar Fu (VJC), Ms Chow Wai Yan (VJC) & Ms Lim Xin Yu (RJC)
8. GOLD Award: NRP 2006: Mr Dhruv Gairola (NJC) and Mr Soh Rongen’ (NJC)
9. GOLD Award: NRP 2007: Mr Wu Yaze (HCI) and Mr S Roy (NUS High School)
10. THIRD BEST PROJECT Award at Eighth Youth Science Conference of Singapore: SMP 2002: Ms Phua Boon Ling Cindy and Ms Then Xin Yun Jerlene (both RGS):
11. DISTINCTION award in Physics and Mathematics Category (top 3 Projects were awarded with that, rest were given merit award) at Ninth Youth Science Conference of Singapore: SMP 2003: Mr Low Xi Zhen and Mr Goh Yan Ming Jonathan, (both ACS(Independent)):
12. DISTINCTION award in Physics and Mathematics Category at Tenth Youth Science Conference of Singapore: SMP 2004: Mr G. J. Lim, Mr W. H. Tan and Mr. S. J. Ng (Kevin, Joseph and Jonathan from ACS)
13. SILVER Medal: Singapore Science and Engineering Fair 2004: Ms Lin Xinyi, Mr Karl Chandra and Ms Jerlene Then.
14. MERIT Award: Singapore Science and Engineering Fair 2005, Mr G. J. Lim and Mr W. H. Tan
15. AStar* Fellowship all the way up to PhD (in Physics) for Ms Lin Xinyi who did research project with me and have two joint published paper.
16. GOLD Award: Singapore Science and Engineering Fair 2006: Mr Lee Jun Yi, Mr Barry Beajen and Ms Chua Ming Ying Elizabeth (ACJC)
17. GOLD Award: Elementz 2006:
18. GOLD Award: Raffles Institution’s Research Education Programme 2006
19. Dean’s Award 2008: Mr Lin Jiaji for his research paper in Applied Physics Letters
20. Dean’s Award 2008: Mr Rishi Verma for his research paper in Applied Physics Letters
21. Dean’s Award 2008: Ms Shumaila Karamat for her research paper in Applied Surface Science.
22. Dean’s Award 2009: Mr Lin Jiaji for his research paper in Journal Physics D: Applied Physics.
23. Dean’s Award 2009: Mr Rishi Verma for his research paper in Applied Physics Letters
24. Dean’s Award 2009: Ms Shumaila Karamat for her research paper in Applied Surface Science.
25. Dean’s Award 2009: Ms Pan Zhenying for her research paper in Thin Solid Films.
26. Dean’s Award 2009: Mr Shahid Mahmood for his research paper in SPIE Proceeding.
  		 
  Courses

Have taught more than 20 different courses at NIE during last 8 years. Some of the courses currently taught are:

AAP104: Physics Lab 1
AAP204: Physics Lab 2
AAP304: Physics Lab 3
AAP202: Modern Physics (with Special Relativity)
INS2078: Black Body Radiations to Lasers  
SC841:   Dimension of World Energy Problem: Role of Dense Plasma Focus Device
DSS101: Selected Topics For Primary Science
MLS841: Photonics for MSc in Life Sciences (Applied Physics)
MLS842: Nanotechnoloty for for MSc in Life Sciences (Applied Physics)
 

 
  Research Interests 1. Dense Plasma Focus (single shot & repetitive)
2. Thin Film Deposition and material modification using plasma focus
3. Diagnostics on Pulsed Plasma Systems such X-rays, electrons, neutrons and ions
4. Development of miniature plasma focus neutron and EUV source
5. Other Radiation Sources such as X-pinch
6. Plasma diagnostics of laser plasma plume using gated imaging, streak and optical emission/absorption spectroscopy
7. Pulsed Laser Deposition of FePt/CoPt magnetic nanoparticles and composites
8. Plasma diagnostics of laser plasma plume using gated imaging, streak and optical emission/absorption spectroscopy
8. Diluted magnetic semiconductor material based on transition metal doped ZnO
9. Development of 20 kJ Plasma Focus Facility at NIE
 		  
  Research Grants
Title of Current Research Grants Level of Involvement Type & Amount of Grant

Dilute Magnetic Semiconductor Thin Films and nanoparticle synthesis by Pulsed Laser deposition and sol-gel for Room Temperature Spintronics

Principal Investigator

RI 7/08 RSR, $94,948

Low-cost polycrystalline thin film silicon solar cells using controlled high-density reactive plasma processing

Co Investigator

$1,600,000

Novel Fusion Material Studies and Pulsed Fast Neutron Analysis using High Performance Plasma Focus Device

Co Principal Investigator

RP 4/07 TTL, $100,000

Time resolved spectroscopy and imaging of pulsed laser plasma 1yr Principal Investigator RP3/05RSR, $136,185
Development of laser and Discharge based EUV sources 1yr Co Investigator RP4/05LCK $146,055
DPF production of Positron Emission Tomography Isotopes-Supplementary 1yr Co Investigator RP2/05SVS,$36362.40
Development of EUV sources for nanolithography 3yr Co Investigator RI5/05LCK, 94,366
Neutron emission studies on plasma focus with twisted cathode geometry Principal Investigator External AASC(US based company) US$5000
Dense Plasma Focus production of Positron Emission Tomography Isotopes 3yrs Co Investigator AcRF $160,000
Xenon Flashtube Plasma Characterization 1yr Principal Investigator External (Perkin Elmer) $89,300
Dense Plasma focus sorces for intense pulsed radiation and particle beams Applications 5yrs Co Investigator External IAEA $42,000
Pulsed laser Deposition of nano-sized Cr Co/FeCo magnetic thin films (3yrs) Principal Investigator AcRF RI7/03 RSR, $149,276
Neutron emission studies from miniature and medium size plasma focus device (3yrs) Principal Investigator URC ($210,000) + External Commitment AASC (US Based Company, $75,000)
TEA Nitrogen Laser shadowgraphy system for current sheath dynamics investigation in Plasma Focus – Training of an AAAPT Affiliated institution (three months) Principal Investigator External , International Centre for Theoretical Physics, Trieste, Italy, (Euro 3000)

 

  
  Professional Activities
  1. Assisted Prof. M.P. Srivastava, at University of Delhi, in training many scientists, lecturers and research students on various aspects of Plasma Focus device and basic diagnostic techniques under AAAPT's Delhi Training Program.
  2. Elected and worked as Convenor, Department of Physics and Electronic, SGTB Khalsa College, University of Delhi, Delhi, for three successive academic years 1996-97, 1997-98 and 1998-99. 
  3. Organized a 10 days Conference cum Workshop on High Energy Physics and Computational Physics, SGTB Khalsa College, Delhi, India in September 1996. Acted in the capacity of the Secretary to the Organizing Committee. 
  4. Organized another three-week activity XIIIth SERC School on High Energy Physics, SGTB Khalsa College, Delhi, India in October 1997. Acted in the capacity of the Secretary to the Organizing Committee.
  5. Attended three Orientation and Enrichment Courses organized by Center for Proficiency Development in Higher Education (CPDHE), India in Environment Science, Digital Electronics and C++ programming. These orientation courses are required to be attended by university lecturer for promotion to the next post.
  6. Acted as Resource Person to various Orientation and Enrichment Courses organized by CPDHE, India.
  7. Acted as one of the Coordinators of Science Exhibition organized by University of Delhi during the Golden Jubilee celebrations of Indian Science Congress. 
  8. Acted as Judge to various debate, quize and paper reading competitions at various colleges and schools in India.
  9. Assisted Prof. Lee Sing and Ast. Prof. Paul Lee to guide three Honours students for their Academic Exercise, during my tenure as Research Fellow with NTU.
  10. Acted as judge for Elementz 2002,2003, 2005 and 2006, Singapore.
  11. Acted as judge for Singapore Youth Science Festival 2002.
  12. Member of the Theory team for 3rd Asian Physics Olympiad (APhO) 2002, Singapore.
  13. Coordinated the Natural Sciences Academic Group's e-exhibits for NIE exhibition on Use of ICT in Education and Research, September, 2002.
  14. Initiated School Attachment programme with ACJC to provide hands on research experience to selected students through research based project.
  15. Supervised many TERP ( Technology and Engineering Research Programme) and SMP ( Science Mentorship Programme) projects.
  16. Asian Physics Olympiad, PekanBahru, Indonesia, 2005: 2 nd Team Leader of Singapore Team (Team won 1S, 2B and 4 HM with 4 th ranking among 17 countries)
  17. Observer, NTU’s team for 7 th Asian Physics Olympiad, Kazakhstan 2006.
  18. Judge for SSEF 2005, 2006, 2007, 2008 and 2009.
  19. Appointed as NIE TERP/NRP coordinator for 2003, 2004, 2005, 2006 and 2007.
  20. Treasurer, TERP/NRP 2003, 2004, 2005 and 2006 Working Committee.
  21. NRP-H3 Proposal Committee Coordinator of NRP 2007.
  22. International Physics Olympiad, Salamanca, Spain, 2005: Chief Team Leader of Singapore Team (Team won 3G, 2B with 5 th Ranking among 75 countries: Best ever performance of Team Singapore).
  23. Secretary, Organizing Committee, 37 th International Physics Olympiad, Singapore 2005-2006
  24. Member, Academic Committee, 37 th International Physics Olympiad, Singapore 2005-2006.
  25. Member, Science Committee for National Science Challenge 2005, 2006, 2007 and 2008 (Singapore Science Center and MediaCorp)
  26. Chief Team Leader of Singapore Physics Olympiad team (Team won 1G, 4B, 3HM) at 8th Asian Physics Olympiad, Shanghai, China, 2007.
  27. Observer, NTU Team, 38th International Physics Olympiad at Ishfahan, Iran, 2007.
  28. 2nd Team Leader of Singapore Physics Olympiad (Team won 1G, 3S and 1B with 9th ranking among 78 countries) at 39th International Physics Olympiad at Hanoi, Vietnam, 2008.

 

  
  Graduate Student Supervision
  1. Tao Zhang (PhD 2004-2006, Awarded 2007) : Electron emission from plasma focus for nano-phase FeCo thin film deposition
  2. Lin Jiaji (PhD, Submitted, 2005 - 2008) : Magnetic Nanostructured material synthesis using pulsed laser deposition
  3. Mohammad Ali Mohammadi (PhD Submitted 2008; Co-supervisor; Thesis is submitted to University of Tabriz, Iran) :  Laser Shadowgraphy Studies on Plasma Focus Device
  4. Shahid Mahmood (PhD, on-going, 2005 - ): Optical Emission spectroscopy of pulsed laser plasma plume
  5. Shumaila Karamat (PhD, on-going, 2007 - ): Magnetic nanophase material synthesis using pulsed lasers
  6. Rishi Verma (PhD, ongoing, 2007 - ) : Construction and operation of low energy plasma focus neutron source
  7. Pan Zhenying (PhD, ongoing, 2007 - ) : Magnetic thin film synthesis and processing using plasma focus device
  8. Gratian Macharaga (PhD, ongoing, 2007 - ) : Titanium oxide thin film synthesis using plasma focus device
  9. Pan De (M.Sc., ongoing, 2008 - ) : Xenon flashlamp plasma characterization
  10. Tan Li Ching Claudia (M.Sc., ongoing, 2008 - ) : Modelling of plasma focus device 
  11. Dr Hassan Muhammad (Non-graduating student, was a PhD student at GC University, Lahore, Pakistan; Completed – May - July 2007) : Nitrogen ion irradiation of Zr samples
  12. Rakesh Malik (Non-graduating student, a PhD student at Delhi University, Delhi, India; Completed – May - July 2008) : Energetic ion irradiation of Nickle ferrite thin films
  13. Izaz Ahmad Khan (Non-graduating student, a PhD student at GC University, Lahore, Pakistan; Completed – Sep 2008 - March 2009) : Nitrogen ion irradiation of Zr and thin film deposition using plasma focus
  14. Eslam Gharshebani (Non-graduating student, a PhD student at Tabriz University, Tabriz, Iran; Ongoing – Feb - August 2008) : Energetic ion irradiation of Nickle ferrite thin films

 

  
  Conferences
and
Symposia
  1. International Conference on Plasma Physics, New Delhi, India, Nov 15-19, 1989.
  2. Regional College on Plasma Science and Technology, Prince of Songhkla University, Thailand, Jan 7-12, 1990.
  3. Indian National Seminar on Plasma Science and Fifth National Symposium on Plasma Science and Technology, Jadavpur University, Calcutta, India, December 4-8, 1990.
  4. 2nd SERC School in Plasma Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, New Delhi, India, May 1991.
  5. Sixth Indian National Symposium on Science and Technology of Plasmas, Devi Ahilya Vishvavidyalaya, Indore, India, Dec 17-21, 1991.
  6. International Summer School and Workshop on Nuclear Fusion and Plasma Physics, Hefei, P.R. China, Oct 4-17, 1993.
  7. Nineth Indian National Symposium on Plasma Science and Technology, Institute of Sdvanced Study in Science and Technology, Guwahati, India, Nov 14-17, 1994.
  8. Mini Symposium on Recent trends in Plasma Physics, University of Rajasthan, Jaipur, India, Dec 19-20, 1994.
  9. Fifth SERC School in Plasma Physics on Magnetic Reconnection, Institute for Plasma Research, Gandhinagar, India, Dec 10-30, 1995.
  10. Conference-cum-Workshop on High Energy Physics and Computational Physics, SGTB Khalsa College, University of Delhi, Delhi, India, Sep 30 - Oct 13, 1996.
  11. International Meeting on Frontiers of Physics, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, Oct 25-29, 1998.
  12. Workshop on New Directions in Physics Education Research, University of Delhi, Delhi, India, May 3-8, 1999.
  13. Regional Conference on Plasma Research in 21st Century , ChulalongKorn University, Bangkok, Thailand, May 7-12, 2000.
  14. 27 th European Physics Society Conference on Controlled Fusion and Plasma Physic, Budapest, Hungary,  June12-16, 2000.
  15. 11 th International Congress on Plasma Physics, Sydney, Australia, July 15-19, 2002.
  16. 30th IEEE International Conference on Plasma Science (ICOPS), Jeju, Korea, June 2-5, 2003.
  17. 31st European Physical Society Conference on Plasma Physics, Imperial College, London, June 27 - July 2, 2004.
  18. Attachment with Blackett Laboratory, Imperial College, London on X-pinch studies from July 3-16, 2004.
  19. Invited speaker: PERFIK 2004, MSTC 2004, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, Oct 5- 7, 2004
  20. Invited Talk: International Conference on Nanostructures and Nanotechnology, National Institute of Education, NTU, Singapore, Nov 25 - 26, 2004
  21. Invited Speaker: Infosyss-IAPT Conference on Innovative Methods in Physics Teaching, University of Delhi, Delhi, India, Dec 28, 2004- Jan 2, 2005
  22. 32th IEEE International Conference on Plasma Science (ICOPS), Monterey, California, US, June 18-23, 2005.
  23. Invited by University California San Deigo to conduct interferometry experiments on X-pinch, 4-18, June 2005.
  24. Invited Talk: International Meeting on Frontier of Physics, Mines Beach Resort, KL, Malaysia, July 25-28, 2005
  25. 33 rd European Physical Society Conference on Plasma Physics, Rome, Italy, June 19-23, 2006.
  26. Plenary Speaker, Seminar Series on Plasma Processing and Surface Coating Technology, Cooperative Research Network – Physics, August 2006.
  27. Chair, Poster Session Judging, Mulitfunctional Nanomaterial Conference, Department of Physics, Delhi University, Delhi India Dec 22-23, 2006.
  28. Invited Speaker: Asia Pacific Meeting on Frontiers in Plasma Sciences, Singapore, 31 Oct to 1 Nov, 2007.
  29. Session Chairman of session on ‘Applications of Plasma Devices’ at International Workshop on Plasma Computations and Applications, INTI, Nilai, Malaysia, 14-15 July, 2008.
  30. Session Chairman of parallel session on ‘Lasers and Laser Optics’ at International Conference “Laser Metrology 2008”, SMU Conference Centre, Singapore, 30 June to 2 July 2008.
  31. Invited Speaker: Tsinghua – NTU Workshop on Nanoscience, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China, 26-28 February 2009.
  32. Session Chairman of parallel session on “Magnetic structures” at First IPS Meeting, Nanyang Executive Centre, Singapore, March 6-7, 2009.
  
       
  Selected Publications    
 

 

    
 
  1. I.A. Khan, M. Hassan, T. Hussain, R. Ahmad, M. Zakaullah and R.S. Rawat, Synthesis of nano-crystalline zirconium aluminium oxynitride (ZrAlON) composite films by dense plasma focus device, In Press, Applied Surface Science (2009).
  2. Z. Y. Pan, R. S. Rawat, J. J. Lin, T. Zhang, T. L. Tan, P. Lee and S. V. Springham, Nanostructuring of FePt thin films by plasma focus device: Pulsed ion irradiation dependent phase transition and magnetic properties, In Press, Applied Physics A (2009).
  3. S.V. Springham, F. Malik, M.V. Roshan, A. R. Talebitaher, R.S. Rawat and P. Lee, Ferrofluidic Masking of Solid State Nuclear Track Detectors During Etching, In Press, Radiation Measurements (2009).
  4. S. Karamat, P. Lee, T. L. Tan, S.V. Springham, W. Zhou and R.S. Rawat, Investigation of Impurity phase formation for (ZnO)1-x(TMO)x Bulk Samples Formed by Ball Milling, In Press, Applied Surface Science (2009).
  5. Rishi Verma, R. S. Rawat, P. Lee, S. V. Springham, T. L. Tan, M. V. Roshan and M. Krishnan, A fast miniature plasma focus based compact and portable nanosecond pulsed neutron source, In press, Journal of Fusion Research (2009).
  6. Z.Y. Pan, R.S. Rawat, J.J. Lin, R. Verma, M.V. Roshan, P. Lee, S.V. Springham, T.L. Tan, T. Zhang, R.V. Ramanujan, Magnetic CoPt Nanoparticles Deposition using Plasma Focus Device, In Press, Journal of Fusion Research (2009).
  7. M. V. Roshan, R. S. Rawat, A. Talebitaher, Rishi Verma, P. Lee, S. V. Springham, High Energy Deuteron Emission in NX2 Plasma Focus, In Press, Journal of Fusion Research (2009).
  8. M. V. Roshan, S.V. Springham, A.R. Talebitaher, R.S. Rawat and P. Lee, Nuclear activation measurements of High energy deuterons from a small plasma focus, Physics Letters A 373, 851-855 (2009).
  9. M.A. Mohammadi, S. Sobhanian, C.S. Wong, S. Lee, P. Lee and R.S. Rawat,The Effect of Anode Shape on Neon Soft X-ray Emissions and Current Sheath Configuration in Plasma Focus Device, Journal of Physics D: Applied Physics 42, 045203 (2009).
  10. J.J. Lin, L.S. Loh, P. Lee, S.V. Springham, T.L. Tan, R.S. Rawat, Effects of target-substrate geometry and ambient gas pressure on FePt nanoparticles synthesized by pulsed laser deposition, Applied Surface Science 255 (8), 4372-4377 (2009).
  11. Z.Y. Pan, J.J. Lin, T. Zhang, S. Karamat, R.Verma, M.V. Roshan, S. Mahmood, P.Lee, S.V.Springham, T.L.Tan and R.S. Rawat, Lower phase transition temperature and two order of coercivity enhancement in FePt films by Plasma Focus Exposure, In press, Thin Solid Films 517, 2753-2757 (2009).
  12. R.S Rawat, V. Aggarwal, M. Hassan, P. Lee, S.V. Springham, T.L. Tan and S. Lee, Nano-phase titanium dioxide thin film deposited by repetitive plasma focus: Ion irradiation and annealing based phase transformation and agglomeration, Applied Surface Science 255 (5), 2932-2942 (2008).
  13. Rishi Verma, P. Lee, S. Lee, S.V. Springham, T.L. Tan, M. Krishnan and R.S. Rawat, Order of magnitude enhancement in neutron emission with Deuterium-Krypton admixture operation in miniature plasma focus device, Applied Physics Letters 93 (10), 101501 (2008).
  14. Rishi Verma, M.V. Roshan, F. Malik, P. Lee, S.V. Springham, T.L. Tan, S. Lee, M. Krishnan, R.S. Rawat, Compact sub-kilojoule range fast miniature plasma focus as portable neutron source, Plasma Sources Science and Technology 17 (4), 045020 (2008).
  15. M. V. Roshan, R. S. Rawat, A. R. Babazadeh, M. Emami, S. M. Sadat Kiai, R. Verma, J. J. Lin and S. V. Springham, High Energy Ions and Energetic Plasma Irradiation effects on Aluminum in a Filippov-type plasma focus, In Press, Applied Surface Science (2008).
  16. I.A. Khan, M. Hassan, R. Ahmad, G. Murtaza, M. Zakaullah, R.S. Rawat and P. Lee, Synthesis of zirconium oxynitride (ZrON) nanocomposite films on zirconium substrate by dense plasma focus, International Journal of Modern Physics B 22 (23), 3941-3955 (2008).
  17. M. Ashraf, C. Gupta, F. Chollet, S. V. Springham and R. S. Rawat, Geometrical characterization techniques for microlens made by thermal reflow of photoresist cylinder, Optics and Lasers in Engineering 46 (10), 711-720 (2008).
  18. G. C. Budakoti and R. S. Rawat, Enhancement in crystalline quality of LiNbO3 films by slow annealing at low temperatures, Journal of Crystal Growth 310 (18), 4205-4208 (2008).
  19. Hamid Latif, M. Shahid Rafique, M. Khaleeq-ur-Rahman, R. S. Rawat, A. Sattar, S. Naseem and P. Lee, Impact of laser produced X-rays on the surface of gold, Applied Surface Science 254, 7505-7511 (2008).
  20. S. Karamat, S. Mahmood, J. J. Lin, Z.Y. Pan, P. Lee, T.L. Tan, S.V. Springham, R. Ramanujan, and R.S. Rawat, Structural, optical and magnetic properties of (ZnO)1-x(MnO2)x thin films deposited at room temperature, Applied Surface Science 254 (22), 7285-7289 (2008).
  21. I. A. Khan, M. Hassan, R. Ahmad, A. Qayyum, G. Murtaza, M. Zakaullah and R.S. Rawat, Nitridation of zirconium using ion beam delivered by plasma focus discharges, Thin Solid Films 516 (23), 8255-8263 (2008).
  22. S. Lee,  P. Lee,  S. H. Saw and R. S. Rawat, Numerical Experiments on Plasma Focus Pinch Current Limitation, Plasma Physics and Controlled Fusion 50 (6), 065012 (2008).
  23. J.J. Lin, M.V. Roshan, Z.Y. Pan, R.Verma, P. Lee, S.V. Springham, T.L. Tan, R.S. Rawat, FePt nanoparticle formation with lower phase transition temperature by single shot plasma focus ion irradiation, Journal of Physics D: Applied Physics 41, 135213 (2008).
  24. J.J. Lin, Z.Y. Pan, S. Karamat, S. Mahmood, P. Lee, T.L. Tan, S.V. Springham and R.S. Rawat, in FePt:Al2O3 nanocomposite thin films synthesized by magnetic trapping assisted pulsed laser deposition with reduced intergranular exchange coupling, Journal of Physics D: Applied Physics 41 (9), 095001 (2008).
  25. S. Lee, S. H. Saw, P. C. K.  Lee, R. S. Rawat and H. Schmidt, Computing Plasma Focus Pinch Current from Total Current Measurement, Applied Physics Letters 92 (11), 111501 (2008).
  26. P.L. Ong, S. Mahmood, T. Zhang, J.J. Lin, R.V. Ramanujan, P. Lee, and R.S. Rawat, Synthesis of Cobalt ferrite Nanoparticles by Pulsed Laser Deposition in a Diffusion Cloud Chamber, Applied Surface Science 254 (7), 1909-1914, (2008).
  27. M. Hassan, R.S. Rawat, P. Lee, S.M. Hassan, A. Qayyum, R. Ahmed, G. Murtaza and M. Zakaullah,Synthesis of nanocrystalline multiphase titanium carbide/a-C thin films by UNU/ICTP and NX2 plasma focus devices, Applied Physics A – Material Science and Processing 90 (4), 669-677 (2008).
  28. Rishi Verma, P. Lee, S.V. Springham, T.L. Tan, M. Krishnan and R.S. Rawat, Order of Magnitude Enhancement in X-ray yield at low pressure Deuterium-krypton admixture operation in miniature dense plasma focus device for lithography application,  Applied Physics Letters 92 (1), 011506 (2008).
  29. M.A. Mohammadi, R. Verma, S. Sobhanian, C.S. Wong, S. Lee, S.V. Springham, T.L. Tan, P. Lee and R.S. Rawat, Neon soft X-ray emission studies from UNU-ICTP Plasma Focus operated with Longer than Optimal Anode Length, Plasma Sources Science and Technology 16 (4), 785-790,  (2007).
  30. F. N. Beg, T. Zhang, D. Fedin, B. Beagen, E. Chua, J. Y. Lee, R. S. Rawat and P. Lee, Study of energy transfer in table-top X-pinch driven by a water line, Physica Scripta 76 (2), 134-138 (2007).
  31. Rishi Verma, P. Lee, S V Springham, T L Tan and R S Rawat, High Performance Thyratron Driver with Low Jitter,  Review Scientific Instruments 78 (8), 086107 (2007).
  32. J.J. Lin, T. Zhang, P. Lee, S.V. Springham, T.L. Tan and R.S. Rawat, T. White, R.V. Ramanujan and Guo Jun, Magnetic trapping induced low temperature phase transition from fcc to fct in pulsed laser deposition of FePt:Al2O3 nanocomposite thin films, Applied Physics Letter 91 (6), 063120 (2007).
  33. S. R. Mohanty, N. K. Neog, H. Bhuyan, R. K. Rout, R. S. Rawat and P. Lee, Effect of anode designs on ion emission characteristics of a plasma focus device, Japanese Journal of Applied Physics 46 (5A), 3039-3044 (2007).
  34. T. Zhang, A. Patran, D. Wong, S. M. Hassan, T. L. Tan, S. V. Springham, S. Lee, P. Lee, and R.S. Rawat, Optimization of plasma focus device as electron beam source for thin film deposition, Plasma Sources Science and Technology 16 (2), 250-256 (2007).
  35. J.J. Lin, S. Mahmood, T. Zhang, S.M. Hassan, T. White, R.V. Ramanujan, P. Lee and R.S. Rawat, Synthesis of Fe3O4 nanostructures by backward plume deposition and influence of ambient gas pressure on their morphology, Journal of Physics D: Applied Physics 40 (8), 2548-2554 (2007).
  36. J.J. Lin, S. Mahmood, T.L. Tan, S.V. Springham, P. Lee and R.S. Rawat, Backward Plume Deposition as a Novel Technique for High Deposition Rate Fe Nanocluster Synthesis, Nanotechnology 18 (11), 115617 (2007).
  37. Alqudami Abdullah, S Annapoorni, P. Sen and R. S. Rawat, The incorporation of silver nanoparticles into polypyrrole: Conductivity changes, Synthetic Metals 157 (1), 53-59 (2007).
  38. D. Wong, P. Lee, T. Zhang, A. Patran, T.L. Tan, R.S. Rawat and S. Lee, An improved radiative plasma focus  model calibrated for neon-filled NX2 using a tapered anode, Plasma Sources Science and Technology 16 (1), 116-123 (2007).
  39. M. Hassan, R.S. Rawat, P. Lee, S.M. Hassan, A. Qayyum, R. Ahmad, G. Murtaza and M. Zakaullah, Effect of plasma focus discharge currents and repetition rates on evolution of nanocrystalline multiphase titanium carbide/a-C thin films, Journal of Nepal Physical Society 32, 19-23 (2007).
  40. R.S. Rawat, T. Zhang, K. S. Thomas Gan, P. Lee and R.V. Ramanujan, Nano-structured Fe thin film deposition using plasma focus device, Applied Surface Science 253 (3), 1611-1615 (2006).
  41. S.M. Hassan, T. Zhang, A. Patran, R. S. Rawat, S. V. Springham, T. L. Tan, D. Wong, W. Wang, S. Lee, V.A. Gribkov, S.R. Mohanty and P. Lee, Pinching evidences in a miniature plasma focus with fast pseudospark switch, Plasma Sources Science and Technology 15 (4), 614-619 (2006).
  42. S.V. Springham, T.H. Sim, P. Lee, A.C. Patran, R.S. Rawat, P.M.E. Shutler, T.L. Tan, S. Lee, Fusion Reactions in a Plasma Focus Operated with 3He-D2 and 4He-D2 Gas Mixtures, Physica Scripta T123,  124-130 (2006).
  43. S. Mahmood, S.V. Springham, T. Zhang, R.S. Rawat, T.L. Tan, M. Krishnan, F.N. Beg, H. Schmidt, S. Lee and P. Lee, A novel fast neutron activation counter for high repetition rate measurements, Review of Scientific Instruments 77 (10), 10E713 (2006).
  44. T. Zhang, R.S. Rawat, S.V. Springham, V.A. Gribkov, T.L. Tan, J. Lin, S.M. Hassan, S. Mahmood, P. Lee, and S. Lee,Drive parameter as a design consideration for Mather and Filippov types of plasma focus, IEEE Transaction on Plasma Sciences 34 (5), 2356-2362 (2006).
  45. A. Patran, D. Stoenescu, R. S. Rawat, S. V. Springham, T. L. Tan, L. C. Tan, M. S. Rafique, P. Lee and S. Lee, A Magnetic Electron Analyzer for Plasma Focus Electron Energy Distribution Studies, Journal of Fusion Energy 25 (1-2), 57-66 (2006).
  46. D. Wong, T.L. Tan, P. Lee, R.S. Rawat and A.C. Patran, Study of X-ray lithography conditions for SU-8 by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, Microelectronic Engineering 83 (10), 1912-1917 (2006).
  47. T Zhang, K S Thomas Gan, P Lee, R V Ramanujan, and R S Rawat, Characteristics of FeCo nano-particles synthesized using plasma, Journal of Physics D: Applied Physics 39 (10), 2212–2219, 2006.
  48. T.L. Tan, D. Wong, P. Lee, R.S. Rawat, S.V. Springham and A.C. Patran, Characterization of chemically amplified resist for X-ray lithography by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, Thin Solid Films 504 (1-2), 113-116, (2006).
  49. S.V. Springham, T.H. Sim, R.S. Rawat, P. Lee, A.C. Patran, T.L. Tan, P.M.E. Shutler, S. Lee, D(3He,p)4He and D(d,p)3H Fusion in a Small Plasma Focus Operated in a Deuterium Helium-3 Gas Mixture, Nucleonika 51 (1), 47-53,  (2006).
  50. Happy, S.R. Mohanty, P. Lee, T.L. Tan, S.V. Springham, A. Patran, R.V. Ramanujan, and R.S. Rawat, “Effect of deposition parameters on morphology and size of FeCo nanoparticles synthesized by pulsed laser ablation deposition” Applied Surface Science 252 (8), 2806-2816, (2006).
  51. S.R. Mohanty, N.K. Neog, B.B. Nayak, B.S. Acharya, P. Lee, A. Tan and R.S. Rawat, Energetic ion irradiation of American Diamond using Plasma Focus Device, Nuclear Instruments and Methods B 243 (1), 113-118 (2006).
  52. J.M. Koh, R.S. Rawat, A. Patran, T. Zhang, D. Wong, S.V. Springham, T.L. Tan, S. Lee and P. Lee, Optimization of High Pressure Operation Regime for Enhanced Neutron Yield in a Plasma Focus Device, Plasma Sources Science and Technology 14, 12-18 (2005).
  53. T. Zhang, X. Lin, K. A. Chandra, T.L. Tan, S.V. Springham, A. Patran, P. Lee, S. Lee and R.S. Rawat, Current sheath curvature correlation with the neon soft X-ray emission from plasma focus device , Plasma Source Science and Technology14, 368, 2005 .
  54. S.V. Springham, S.P. Moo, R.S. Rawat, A. Patran, P.Lee and S.Lee, Imaging of Fusion Protons from a 3kJ Deutrerium Plasma Focus, Japanese Journal of Applied Physics, Vol. 44, No. 6A, pp. 4117-4121 (2005).
  55. S. M. Hassan, T. Zhang, D. Wong, H. M. Saw, M. W. C. Yap Wan, K. L. Long, Y. R. I. Lim, J. H. Low, R. S. Rawat, A. Patran, S. V. Springham, T. L. Tan and P. Lee Spatially and spectrally resolved hard x-ray camera for dense plasma focus diagnosis J. Fiz. Malaysia 26, 153-155 (2005).
  56. R.S. Rawat , Happy, Siti Nur, R.V. Ramanujam and P. Lee, Synthesis of FeCo nanoparticles using Pulsed Laser Ablation, J. Fiz. Malaysia, 2005.
  57. A. Patran, L. C. Tan, D. Stoenescu, M. S. Rafique, R. S. Rawat, S. V. Springham, T. L. Tan, P. Lee, M. Zakaullah and S. Lee, Spectral study of the electron beam emitted from 3 kJ plasma focus, Plasma Source Science and Technology 14, 549, 2005.
  58. L.Y. Soh, P. Lee, X. Shuyan, S. Lee, and R.S. Rawat, Shadowgraphic Studies of DLC film deposition process in Dense Plasma Focus Device, IEEE Transactions on Plasma Science, Vol 32(2), 448 (2004).
  59. R.S. Rawat , P. Arun, A.G. Videshwar, P. Lee and S. Lee, Effect of ion irradiation on CdI 2 films, Journal of Applied Physics, Vol 95(12), 7725 (2004).
  60. R.S. Rawat , T. Zhang, C.B.L. Phua , J.X.Y. Then, K.A. Chandra, X. Lin, A. Patran and P. Lee, Effect of Insulator Sleeve Length on Soft X-ray Emission from Neon filled Plasma Focus Device, Plasma Sources Science and Technology 13, 1 (2004).
  61. T.L. Tan, D. Wong, P. Lee, R. S. Rawat and A. Patran, Study of a Chemically-Amplified Resist for X-ray Lithography by FT-IR Spectroscopy, Applied Spectroscopy, vol. 58(11), 1288-94, (2004).
  62. D. Wong, A. Patran, T.L. Tan, R.S. Rawat and P. Lee, Soft X-ray optimization studies on a Dense Plasma Focus device operated in Neon and Argon in Repetitive Mode , IEEE Transactions on Plasma Science, 32(6), 2227 (2004).
  63. R.S. Rawat , T. Zhang, G. J. Lim, W.H. Tan, S. J. Ng, A. Patran, S.M. Hassan, S. V. Springham, T. L. Tan, M. Zakaullah, S. Lee and P. Lee, Soft X-ray Imaging using a Neon filled Plasma Focus X-ray Source, Journal of Fusion Energy 23(1), 49-53 (2004).
  64. R.S. Rawat, W.M. Chew, P. Lee, T. White and S. Lee, Deposition of titanium nitride thin films on 304-stainless steel substrates at room temperature using a plasma focus device , Surface and Coating Technology 173, 276-284 (2003).
  65. Cai Li, Shi Yujuan, A. Patran and R.S. Rawat, Estimation of Current Sheath Curvature in Plasma Focus Device using Magnetic Probes, Romanian Journal of Physics, 55, No. 6-10, 395 (2002).
  66. R.S. Rawat , P. Lee, T. White, Li Ying and S. Lee, Room temperature deposition of titanium carbide thin film using dense plasma focus device, Surface and Coating Technology, 138, 159-165 (2001).
  67. H. Bhuyan, S.R. Mohanty, T.K. Borathakur and R.S. Rawat, Analysis of nitrogen ion beam produced in Dense Plasma Focus device using Faraday cup, Indian Journal of Pure and Applied Physics, 39, 698-703 (2001).
  68. Ruby Gupta, S.R. Mohanty, R.S. Rawat and M.P. Srivastava, Current sheath dynamics and X-ray emission studies from Dense Plasma sequential Focus Device, IEEE Trans. on Plasma Science, 28, 1263-1268 (2000).
  69. R.S. Rawat , P. Arun, A.G. Videshwar, Y.L. Lam, P. Lee, M.H. Liu, S. Lee and A.C.H.Huan, Effect of argon ion on antimony telluride thin films in dense plasma focus device, Bulletin Material Research, 35, 477-486 (2000).
  70. S.R. Mohanty, R.S. Rawat and M.P. Srivastava, X-ray Emissions from Dense Plasma Sequential Focus Device, Journal of Plasma and Fusion Research, 2, 109-113 (1999).
  71. Chhaya R. Kant, M.P. Srivastava, and R.S. Rawat, Dense Plasma Focus energetic ions based fullerene films on Si(111) substrate ,Physics Letters A 239, 109-113 (1998).
  72. Chhaya R. Kant, M.P. Srivastava, and R.S. Rawat, Thin carbon film deposition using energetic ions of Dense plasma focus ,Physics letters A 226, 212-216 (1997).
  73. Priti Aggarwal, S. Annapoorni, M.P. Srivastava, R.S. Rawat, and Pratima Chauhan, Magnetite phase due to energetic argon ion irradiation from dense plasma focus on hematite thin film ,Physics Letters A 231, 434-438 (1997).
  74. S.R. Mohanty, M.P. Srivastava, and R.S. Rawat, Study of X-ray emission of dense plasma focus device in presence of external magnetic field , Physics Letters A 234, 472-476 (1997).
  75. M.P. Srivastava, S.R. Mohanty, S. Annapoorni, and R.S. Rawat, Diode like behaviour of ion irradiated polyaniline film ,Physics letters A 215, 63-67 (1996).
  76. R.S. Rawat , M.P. Srivastava and S.R. Mohanty, Study of current sheath dynamics in dense plasma focus in the presence of external axial magnetic field using laser shadowgraphic technique ,IEEE Trans. on Plasma Sci. 22, 967-971 (1994).
  77. R.S. Rawat , and M.P. Srivastava, S. Tandon and A. Mansingh, Crystallization of amorphous lead zirconate titanate thin film by dense plasma focus ,Phys. Rev. B 47, 4858-4862 (1993).
  78. S. Lee, M.A. Alabraba, A.V. Gholap, S. Kumar, K.H. Kwek, M. Nisar, R.S. Rawat, and J.Singh, Effects of targets on plasma focus dynamics, IEEE Trans. on Plasma Sci. 18, 1028-1032 (1990).
  79. S.Lee, M.A. Alabraba, A.V. Gholap, S. Kumar, K.H. Kwek, M. Nisar, R.S. Rawat, and J.Singh, A simple shadowgraphic setup and some results, J. Phys. Malaysia 11, 1-11 (1990).
  

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